1998 Tiger Sub-species Minimum Maximum Source Bengal (Indian) tiger P.t. tigris (Linnaeus 1758) (3,159) (4,715) Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Myanmar Bangladesh 362 362 1 Bhutan 50 240 2a,b China 30 35 3 India 2,500 3,750 4a,b Myanmar, Western 124 231 5 Nepal 93 97 6 Caspian (Turan/Hyrcanian) tiger P.t. virgata (Illiger 1815) Formerly Afghanistan, Iran, Chinese and Russian Turkestan, Turkey Extinct 1970s Amur (Siberian/Ussuri/Manchurian/North-East China tiger (445) (511) P.t. altaica China 30 35 3 Korea (North) <10 <10 7 Russia 415 476 8 Javan tiger P.t. sondaica (Temminck 1844) Extinct 1980s South China (Amoy) tiger P.t. amoyensis (Hilzheimer 1905) 20 30 3 Bali tiger P.t. balica (Schwarz 1912) Extinct 1940s Sumatran tiger P.t. sumatrae Pocock 1929 400 500 9 Indo-Chinese tiger P.t. corbetti Mazák 1968 (1,227) (1,785) Cambodia 150 300 10 China 30 40 3 Laos Present Malaysia 491 510 11 Myanmar, Eastern 106 234 5 Thailand 250 501 12a,b Vietnam 200 200 13 TOTALS 5,251 7,541 ROUNDED TOTALS (nearest 500) 5,000 7,500
Major population: With 912 tigers reported by a 1993 census, Madhya Pradesh State (India) holds about one sixth of the remaining world population of tigers. Although the state has 22 wildlife sanctuaries and national parks (including five tiger reserves) containing tigers, poaching incidents continue; 50 such incidents were reported over a six month period in early 1995.16
Sources of Table I
Jalil, S.M. 1998. Bengal tiger in Bangladesh. Unpubl. Report to Year of the Tiger Conference, Dallas, US. 2a. Sherpa, M.N. 1993. Reply to questionnaire. Cat Specialist Group, Bougy,CH
b Dorji, P., & Santiapillai, C. 1989. Status, distribution and conservation of the tiger in Bhutan. Biological Conservation 48 (311- 319).
Wang Wei. 1998. Status of tigers in China and conservation strategies. Unpubl. report to Year of the Tiger Conference, Dallas, US
a. Thapar, V. 1994. pers. comm.
b Project Tiger. 1993. All India Tiger Census Report. Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi. IN.
Uga, U., and Thang, A. 1998. Review and revision of the National Tiger Action Plan (1996) of Myanmar. Unpub. Report to Year of the Tiger Conference, Dallas, US .
Anon. 1997. Tiger Action Plan for the Kingdom of Nepal. Unpubl. report to Year of the Tiger Conference, Dallas, US.
Pak U-Il. 1994. in litt.
Matyushkin, E.N., Pikunov, D.G., Dunishenko, Y.M., Miquelle, D.G., Nikolaev, I.N., Smirnov, E.N., Salkina, G., Abramov, V.K., Basylnikov, V. Yudin, V.G., & Korkishko, V.G. 1996. Numbers, distribution, and habitat status of the Amur tiger in the Russian Far East: Express Report. USAID Russian Far East Environmental Policy and Technology Project Report. Vladivostok, RU (in Russian and English).
Wartaputra, S., Soemarna, K., Ramono, W., Manangsang, J., & Tilson, R. 1994. Indonesian Sumatran Tiger Conservation Strategy. Directorate-General of Forest Protection & Nature Conservation, Djakarta, ID.
Samith, C., Sophana, V, Vuthy, L. & Rotha, K.S. 1995. Tiger and prey species. Report presented at training course, International Centre for Conservation of Biology, Lanchang, MY
Jasmi bin Abdul. 1998. The distribution & management of the Malayan tiger in Peninsular Malaysia. Abstract presented at Year of the Tiger Conference, Dallas, US.
a Rabinowitz, A. 1993. Estimating the Indochinese tiger population in Thailand. Biological Conservation 65 (213-217).
b Anon. 1998. Thailand's tiger action plan. Report presented to Year of the Tiger Conference, Dallas, US.
Bao, T.C., Nhat, P, Dang, N.X., Phu, T.K., Hoi, N.V., Thanh, V.N., Luong, L.V., Thank, & N.H., Nguyen, D.D. 1995. Tiger Conservation in Vietnam: Status and problems. Report presented at training course, International Centre for Conservation of Biology, Lanchang, MY